See Matthew 15:14-15 as an example; it could be a story or just a proverb -- the use varies.
A Parable is a narrative constructed for conveying an important spiritual truth.
A parable is possible -- a fable is not possible (see Judges 9:8-15 and 2 Kings 14:9).
Use of parables by Christ.
- Parables illuminate teaching
- Parables test the hearts of hearers (Luke 20:19; Matthew 13:11-17)
Rules for interpreting parables.
Determine the scope of teaching, seize that one central truth, make all details fit to that truth.
- Compare with context and other scripture. What was the parable intended to illustrate?
- Some meanings are given at the beginning, some at the end, some at both.
- Luke 13:1, 9; 19:11: (beginning)
- Matthew 25:13; Luke 16:9: (end)
- Matthew 18:21, 35; Luke 12:15, 21: (both)
- Check parallel passages.
- Luke 15:4-7 compared with Matthew 18:12-14
No conclusion should be gathered from any part of the parable.
Parables should not be made the first source or the sole source of doctrine.